100次浏览 发布时间:2023-04-04 09:43:14
一、从句法功能上看一、从句法功能上看worth 通常只用作表语,不用于名词前作定语;worthy 和 worthwhile 可用作表语和定语。如:
It isn’t worth the trouble. 不值得费那个事。
This is a worthy English-Chinese dictionary.这是一本有价值的英汉词典.
His behavior is worthy of great praise. 他的行为值得高度赞扬。
They achieved a very worthwhile result. 他们取得了很有价值的成果。
Thank you for your worthwhile suggestion.谢谢你的有价值的建议。
We had a long wait, but it was worthwhile because we got the tickets. 我们等了很久,但还算值得,因为我们把票买到了。
二、从所使用的修饰语来看worth 习惯上不用 very 修饰(要表示类似意思可用 well),而 worthy 和 worthwhile 则可以用副词very修饰。如:
That is very worthy of our attention. 那件事很值得我们注意。
Nursing is a very worthwhile career. 护理工作是很值得干的职业。
但习惯上不说:The work is very worth doing. (very 应改为 well)
三、从搭配习惯来看
1. 有关 be worth 的搭配习惯
(1) be worth后可直接跟名词、代词或动名词。如:
The painting is worth $ 500. 这幅画值500 美元。
The clock is hardly worth repairing. 这台钟简直不值得修理。
If that novel is an instructive one, it will be worth reading it .
假如那是一本有教育意义的小说,那就值得一读。
注意:其后可接动名词,不能接不定式,且接动名词时,总是用主动形式表示被动意义。
(2) 在现代英语中,在be worth前使用形式主语it被认为是合习惯的。如:
It isn’t worth repairing the car. 这辆汽车不值得修了。
Is it worth visiting the city? 这个城市值得去看吗?
但是,若不用形式主语it而直接用动名词作主语则是错误的,如上面例句不能改为:Repairing the car is worth.
(3) 在be worth doing 结构中,除非句首用了形式主语it,否则句子主语总应是其动名词的逻辑宾语;若其中的动词不及物,应考虑加上适当的介词。如:
He’s not worth getting angry with. 犯不上跟他生气。
Nothing she said was worth listening to. 她说的话没有一句值得听。
2. 有关 be worthy 的搭配习惯。
(1) be worthy 后不能直接跟名词、代词或动名词,若要接,应借助介词 of。如:
For Americans these questions are worthy of public policy debate。
对于美国人来说,这些问题是值得展开公共政策辩论的。
Her behavior is worthy of praise. 她的行为是值得赞扬的。
(2) 与be worth后只接动名词不接不定式不同,be worthy后不接动名词,而接不定式(若该不定式要表示被动意义,则应用被动形式)。如:
He is worthy to receive such honor. 他应该得到这种荣誉。
his suggestion is worthy to be considered. 这个建议值得考虑。
The film is worthy to be seen again.这部电影值得再看一遍.
(3) 若要在be worthy后接动名词,与后接名词时的情形一样,应借助介词of,且该动名词若要表示被动意义,要用被动形式。如:
He is worthy of filling [=to fill] the post. 这个职位他当之无愧。
He is worthy of being worshipped.
所以他配得一切的敬拜。
This suggestion is worthy of being considered [=to be considered]. 这个建议值得考虑。
3. 有关 be worthwhile 的搭配习惯的搭配习惯
(1) be worthwhile 后接动名词或不定式均可。如:
It isn't worthwhile spending /to spend so much time on minor problems.
在枝节问题上犯不着花这么多时间。
It is worthwhile discuss/ to discuss the plan again. 这个计划值得再讨论一次。
(2) 有时可将worthwhile分开写,此时也可在其中加上one’s。如:
It's worthwhile reading books on popular science.
阅读科普类书籍是值得的。
Do you think it’s worth while quarrelling with me?你认为与我吵值得吗?
按传统语法,It is worth (one’s) while to do sth [doing sth] 结构必须用it作形式主语,其中的不定式或动名词做句子的真正主语。
四、一句多译在很多情况下,同一个意思可用几种不同的形式表达。如:那个地方值得一去。
正:The place is worth a visit.
正:The place is worthy of a visit.
正:The place is worth visiting.
正:It is worth visiting the place.
正:The place is worthy of being visited.
正:The place is worthy to be visited.
正:It is worthwhile visiting the place.
正:It is worthwhile to visit the place.